经手助式腹腔镜结肠手术
hand-assisted laparoscopic colon surgery
传统开腹手术
traditional laparotomy
Traditional opened surgery
单孔非气腹式腹腔镜
Gasless laparoscopic with single hole
妇科开腹手术
Abdominal gynecological operations
改良式腹式呼吸法
modified abdominal breathing
外科手术,腹腔镜
Hand-assisted laparoscopy
胸腹手术
thoracic and upper abdominal surgery
中转开腹手术
Convert to open surgery
Conversion to open surgery